Operators are used to perform operation on two operands. Operators in Python can be categorized as follows:
Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations on two operands.
Operator | Description | |
---|---|---|
+ | Addition | |
- | Subtraction | |
* | Multiplication | |
/ | Division | |
** | Exponent / Power | a**b is equivalent to a^b (ex: 10**2 is equal to 100) |
% | Modulus | a%b returns remainder of a/b (ex: 10 % 3 returns 1) |
// | Floor division | a//b returns greatest integer of a/b (ex: 14//3 returns 4) |
Assignment operators are used to assign values of right hand side expression to left hand side operand.
Operator | Expression | Equivalent to |
---|---|---|
= | a = 5 | a = 5 |
+= | a += b | a = a + b |
-= | a -= b | a = a - b |
*= | a *= b | a = a * b |
/= | a /= b | a = a / b |
**= | a **= b | a = a ** b |
%= | a %= b | a = a % b |
//= | a //= b | a = a // b |
&= | a &= b | a = a & b |
|= | a |= b | a = a | b |
^= | a ^= b | a = a ^ b |
>>= | a >>= b | a = a >> b |
<<= | a <<= b | a = a << b |
Comparison operators are used to compare values of two operands. It returns true when values matches and false when values doen not match.
Operator | Description |
---|---|
== | Equal |
!= | Not equal |
> | Greater than |
< | Less than |
>= | Greater than or equal to |
<= | Less than or equal to |
Logical operators are used to combine two or more conditions.
Operator | Description | |
---|---|---|
and | Returns True when all conditions are true | |
or | Returns True when any of the conditions is true | |
not | Returns opposite result | not(2<5) returns false |
Identity operators are used to compare memory location of two objects.
Operator | Description | |
---|---|---|
is | Returns true when both variables are the same object | a is b |
is not | Returns true when both variables are not the same object | a is not b |
Membership operators are used to check the membership of element(s) in a sequence like lists, tuple etc.
Operator | Description | |
---|---|---|
in | Returns True if element(s) is present in the object | a in b |
not in | Returns True if element(s) is not present in the object | a not in b |
Bitwise operators are used to perform bitwise operations on two operands.
Operator | Description | |
---|---|---|
& | AND | Returns 1 if both bits at the same in both operands are 1, else returns 0 |
| | OR | Returns 1 if one of two bits at the same in both operands is 1, else returns 0 |
^ | XOR | Returns 1 if only one of two bits at the same in both operands is 1, else returns 0 |
~ | NOT | Reverse all the bits |
>> | Right shift | The left operand is moved right by the number of bits present in the right operand |
<< | Left shift | The left operand value is moved left by the number of bits present in the right operand |