Python's expansive library of open source data analysis tools, web frameworks, and testing instruments make its ecosystem one of the largest out of any programming community.
Python is an accessible language for new programmers because the community provides many introductory resources. The language is also widely taught in universities and used for working with beginner-friendly devices such as the Raspberry Pi.
Several programming language popularity rankings exist. While it's possible to criticize that these guides are not exact, every ranking shows Python as a top programming language within the top ten, if not the top five of all languages.
The IEEE ranked Python as the #1 programming language in 2019, which continued its hot streak after ranking it #1 in 2018, #1 in 2017 and #3 top programming language in 2016. RedMonk's June 2019 ranking had Python at #3, which held consistent from previous years' rankings in 2018 and 2017.
Stack Overflow's community-created question and answer data confirms the incredible growth of the Python ecosystem and tries to determine why it growing so quickly with their own analysis. In the 2020 Stack Overflow developer survey the data indicated that Python was the fastest growing major programming language and that there is a close alignment between the languages and tools that developers choose to learn and the usage in developers' professional work.
The TIOBE Index a long-running language ranking, has Python moving up the charts to #3, climbing from #8 just a few years ago.
The PopularitY of Programming Language (PYPL), based on leading indicators from Google Trends search keyword analysis, shows Python at #1.
GitHut, a visualization of GitHub language popularity, pegs Python at #3 overall.
These rankings provide a rough measure for language popularity. They are not intended as a precise measurement tool to determine exactly how many developers are using a language. However, the aggregate view shows that Python remains a stable programming language with a growing ecosystem.
Programming languages have unique ecosystems, cultures and philosophies built around them. You will find friction with a community and difficulty in learning if your approach to programming varies from the philosophy of the programming language you've selected.
Python's culture values open source software, community involvement with local, national and international events and teaching to new programmers. If those values are also important to you and/or your organization then Python may be a good fit.
The philosophy for Python is so strongly held that it's even embedded in the language as shown when the interpreter executes "import this" and displays The Zen of Python.
Programming language rankings and the philosophy behind a language provide solid initial data points for why you should learn Python. These resources also give perspectives on why people switched from other programming communities and why they advocate for Python as a primary language.
How to argue for Python’s use explains that choosing a programming language can be complicated but that Python is a very good option for many use cases.
Why I Push for Python gives one professor's rationale for promoting Python to teach programming to undergraduates.
If you're wondering about the differences in Python's dynamically typed system versus statically typed languages, be sure to read this thorough explanation of the topic.
Why I swapped C#.NET for Python as my default language and platform (and won’t be going back) provides a viewpoint from someone who is not a professional developer but uses coding to hack out some projects. He found Microsoft's .NET ecosystem lacking when it came to satisfying his needs and Python filled the gap for him with its wide array of open source code libraries, package management and ability to work well on platforms other than Windows.
Python, Machine Learning, and Language Wars compares Python with R, MATLAB and Julia for data science work. While Python is great for deployment automation and web development, many non-developers are first introduced to the language and ecosystem while getting data analysis work done.
Evangelizing Python for Business contains helpful hints if you are trying to convince your company to use Python, particularly for web development.
Python: Beyond Just Web Apps supplies non-web development project examples that use Python. The article also does a solid job comparing and contrasting Python to other common programming languages such as Java, Ruby and JavaScript.
Python or Ruby for web development gives reasons for one language compared to the other just focused on the web development space.
If you are worried about the community split between Python 2 and Python 3, you should go with Python 3. To read more about how companies handled upgrading, check out Instagram's smooth move to Python 3, practical steps for moving to Python 3 and lessons learned from migrating to Python 3.